Dear Sir, To the best of my ...

Dear Sir,

To the best of my knowledge and conviction, the following are recommendable practices/ solutions to insulate River Systems from Contamination of all sorts:

1. No defecation in the open should be permitted / tolerated.

2. No habitat should be permitted in at least 500 m crow distance from the banks of tributaries and the river/s.

3. Only ORGANIC FARMING should be permitted in flood plains including fields 5 km stretch from banks or edges of flood plains. If this is ensured, then, defaecation in the field may not be damaging. Composting pits with worm culture is a must to convert dry leaves into manure so that chemical fertilisers are not required.

4. Small Communes and Habitat must have at least Community Toilets connected to Sewerage System and low-cost Bioreactors can be provided which ensure reduction of organic matter by 80% and leave only about 20% for further treatment, however, if sufficient resident time is allowed for anaerobic digestion, one can get irrigation water. Some Biogas can also be generated for local use and faecal matter can also be supplemented by Gobar slurry.

5. No unlined channels or drains should be permitted and STP/ETPs should be located at least 5 km away from the banks..

6. Where ever, River system has a big town, interception of Drains/ Nullahs is a must and a Garland Sewer must be invested into to take sewerage/storm waters generated if any to downstream for low-cost bioremediation. It is first few strong showers of rain that bring a huge quantity of contaminants into the river system and pollute the sea as well. So, low-cost filtration of storm waters is possible using Nonwoven PP Cloth at the beginning of Interception of solid contaminants where Nallahs/Drains are intercepted and connected to Garland Sewers.